Springing



March 7, 1939. H. MARUHN SPRINGING Filed Sept. 30, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l l ivervTioK March 7, 1939. H. MARUHN 2,149,895

' SPRINGING FiledSept. 30, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 7, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT" oFFrcE SPRINGIN G Herbert Maruhn, Berlin-Charlottenburg, Germany Application September so, 1932, Serial No. 635,672

In Germany October 12, 1931 4 Claims. (01. 280- -124) This invention has for its object toimprove may consist of any suitable elastic members, such the efiect of the springingof vehicles, the road as springs or rubber buffers. The effect of the wheels of which are mounted independently of total springing arrangement of the pair of one another on the frame of the vehicle. It rewheels depends on the hardness of the two sepalates more particularly to wheels which are swingrate groups, one group consisting for instance of ingly mounted on the frame, in which case the a plurality of springs or of a single spring. u ding of the wheels may be effected by leaf Further details of the invention may be gathsprings or by levers (swinging levers). ered from the drawings, in which:

The supporting springs are interposed between Figure 1 shows one form of the invention, the wheels and the frame of the vehicle and are Figure 2 shows a modification of the form 1 deformed when these two parts move relatively shown in Figure 1, to one another. The amount of deformation may Figure 3 shows a second modification, and be difierent according to the nature of the vertical Figure 4 is a slight modification of the device motions of the wheels. shown in Figure 1.

With the rigid axles mostly employed, the In Figures 1, 2 and 3, the invention is shown 15 deformation of the supporting springs is in the applied to the steering axle of a vehicle. case of equally directed vertical motions of the In Fig. l the mass of the frame m is supported pair of wheels with respect to the frame greater by the springs a and b with respect to the road than in the case of equally great vertical motions wheels is and Z of the vehicle. The wheels are which are however oppositely directed. On the supported by the springs so as to swing on the 20 other hand, with swinging axles of the ordinary frame of the vehicle. The lower spring b is fixed kind with independent springing the deformation in f to the vehicle frame, while the upper spring of the supporting springs is equally great for both a, is mounted so as to be capable of turning about kinds of motion. Hence, in the two constructhe pin p in the longitudinal central plane of the tional forms the effect of the springing difiers vehicle. 25 greatly. When the wheel 10, for instance, moves up- Assuming for both constructional forms an wards by a certain amount with respect to the equally hard springing for equally directed vertiframe m and the wheel Z moves downwards by Cal o s o t p of s, the independthe same amount, in other words, when the pair ent springing of the pivoted axles will be subof wheels performs oppositely directed vertical jected in the case of oppos t y directed vertical motions, only the spring b will bend, while the motions to greater deformations and therefore spring a win turn around 1). When, on the other transmit greater forces to the frame than the hand, both the wheels, k and Z, move upwards or p ing of h rigid axles. The qu n f downwards with respect to the frame m, in other "5 thiS that With this kind of motion e Spr words, when the pair of wheels performs equally ing effect of the independent spring ng pp directed vertical motions, both springs, a and b, very hard and that the frame is. subjected to willv be bent. According to the nature of the considerably greater tOISiOIIE-I sses, that is to motion of the two wheels the deformation of the ay, more powerful twist g about ts g tudi a total springing arrangement is therefore differaxis. ent, just as in the case with the springing of 40 According to the invention it becomes possible, rigid axles. even with wheels swingingly attached to the Fig. 4 shows the same example in greater deframe, to obtain d f rma i ns of h p n s, the tail and in a slightly modified form from Figure 1, extent of which is different with equally directed as applied to the front axle of a power-driven and oppositely directed vertical motions vof the vehicle. 45 pair of wheels, and consequently a similar spring- Fig. 2 shows a constructional example in which ing effect as in the case of rigid axles. the spring a which is pivoted in the longitudinal For this purpose the total springing arrangecentral plane of the vehicle lies at the bottom. ment of the swingingly mounted pair of wheels is The clamped spring 121 consists of two half divided into two groups, of which one is capable springs which are fixed in f to the frame. 50 Of moving With respect to the vehicle frame and Fig. 3 shows a, further example, in which the for example is pivoted to the frame in the longiroad wheels 7c and l are connected to the frame tudinal central plane of the vehicle and. the other by the links h and the pivoted spring a. The is fixed rigidly to the frame. This latter springclamped springs are replaced by two rubber buffing arrangement which is fixed to the frame ers in which are fixed to the frame. 55

The present invention is of course not limited to the examples shown and described, for obviously the arrangement is applicable to other constructions in which the wheels are pivotally mounted on the frame.

What I claim is:

1. A springing arrangement for a, pair of wheels of a power-driven vehicle, which are so attached to the frame of the vehicle as to be capable of swinging with respect thereto, comprising a plurality of resilient means of which one portion is fixed to the vehicle frame and the other portion is rotatably journalled to the frame in the longitudinal central plane of the vehicle, as set forth.

2. A springing arrangement for a pair of wheels of a vehicle having a frame, comprising transverse springs by which the wheels are so attached to the vehicle frame as to be capable of swinging with respect thereto, of which two half springs are fixed to the vehicle frame and an additional spring is rotatably journalled to the vehicle frame in the longitudinal central plane of the vehicle, as set forth. 7

3. A spring construction for a wheel vehicle, comprising a vehicle frame and resilient supports for the frame, one support above the other, and one of the said resilient supports being rigidly attached to the frame and the other, attached to the frame movably in response to load in the longitudinal central plane of the frame.

4. In a spring construction for a vehicle frame carried by a pair of wheels with mountings therefor, means for attaching the wheels and mountings to the frame of the vehicle so as to be capable of swinging with respect thereto, said means comprising a spring non-rotatably fixed with the 'vehicle frame and secured to the wheel mountings, and an independent spring connecting the wheel mountings and pivotally connected to the vehicle frame.

HERBERT MARUHN. 

